Species
Technical Information
GAINPRO® - Rumen Development Of Replacement Heifers (37Kb)RUMEN DEVELOPMENT OF REPLACEMENT HEIFERS
Development of rumen capacity is as important as development of frame and skeletal size in contributing to longterm potential productivity of the dairy animal. The practice of limit-feeding high-energy diets to developing heifers has become more common during periods when the cost of grain is low relative to the cost of forages, especially when considered on the basis of cost per unit of energy. Although feeding a high-concentrate diet can increase rate of gain and feed efficiency, research has shown that feeding a diet higher in forage increases the size and capacity of the rumen relative to the size of the animal (table 1) Hence, even when feeding a forage-based diet does not give the lowest cost of gain, the returns to developing heifers with a forage-based diet will be provided in the long-term productivity of the animal.
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SAFE-GUARD® BLOCK RESEARCH - Consumption Study (117Kb)Three dewormer block consumption studies were conducted using a total of 143 mature cattle (approximately 50 at each location). Locations of the studies were Alabama, Louisiana and Wyoming. An adaptation period of 4-19 days with unmedicated feedblocks was required prior to offering the medicated dewormer blocks. The adaptation period varied depending upon current and previous herd feeding and management practices in addition to weather conditions. The medicated dewormer blocks were given for a 3-day treatment period with the total Safe-Guard® Block consumption for the 3-day period calculated to be 5 mg fenbendazole per kg body weight (2.27 mg/lb. body weight). All cattle were grazing on pasture. No supplemental feed was given except for the dewormer blocks. The total number of dewormer blocks placed in each pasture was determined at the beginning of each study and was based on the number of cattle in each pasture and other conditions such as physical layout of the pasture and watering areas. Fecal samples were collected from all cattle before treatment and again approximately 14 days after treatment. Fecal egg counts were determined for all samples.
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SAFE-GUARD® BLOCK RESEARCH - Efficacy Study (119Kb)A study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Safe-Guard® medicated dewormer blocks against natural infections of gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle. Twenty calves were divided into 2 groups of 10 each. One group served as non-medicated controls while the other group served as the treatment group. Mixed breed calves (Hereford, Angus and Brahman) were purchased from the same farm with an average weight of approximately 500 pounds. They had been on pastures naturally contaminated with nematode larvae for several months prior to shipment to the study location. Upon arrival, calves were placed in a drylot and acclimated for 7 days prior to initiation of the study. During this period, they were allowed access to unmedicated dewormer blocks similar to those to be used in the study. Each calf was then placed in an individual pen so that block consumption could be monitored. They each received dewormer blocks without fenbendazole for 1 week prior to being offered medicated blocks. Untreated controls were not offered blocks. All calves received hay and water but no other supplemental feed or source of salt during the preliminary phase. Fecal samples were taken prior to treatment with Safe-Guard® medicated dewormer blocks and again 5 days after the last day of treatment. All calves were necropsied 5 days after the last day of treatment to determine actual nematode count and species present.
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SAFE-GUARD® BLOCK RESEARCH - Southeastern U.S.A. Study (115Kb)Fall and winter are key times to be promoting the En-pro-al/Safe-Guard® (fenbendazole) deworming block for use in the Southern U.S. The following Safe-Guard® treatment program in weaning cattle grazing coastal Bermuda pastures also achieved seasonal control. As a result, calves gained an additional 67 lbs. per head compared to calves given a traditional single treatment in November.
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SAFE-GUARD® - Brown Stomach Worm - Does It Arrest In Us Dairy Cattle? (49Kb)Producers, veterinarians and others involved in the dairy industry often assume that parasite data generated in beef cattle is fully applicable to dairy cattle. Such assumptions can be costly to dairy producers who seek cost-effective solutions to the problem of worm control. A good example of this difference can be found in research conducted at the University of Kentucky dairy farm. In this two-year study, 50 parasite-naïve tester dairy calves were allowed to graze pastures for one month. Worms picked up during grazing were then recovered from the calves and identified. This method allows for determination of the type and size of the worm population present on contaminated pasture. In this study, Nematodirus was the most common worm found with an average of 2,220 worms per calf. Cooperia was the second most common worm found (2,018 worms). Brown stomach worm was third (846 worms ). No population of arrested brown stomach worm was found. These results were surprising because the study had been conducted to determine the seasonal pattern of arrested development for brown stomach worm!
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SAFE-GUARD® - Deworming Lactating Dairy Cows During The Transition Period (49Kb)Deworming lactating dairy cows is a venture beyond treating disease. Although most dairy cows have sufficient immunity such that parasitic disease will not occur, they’re not immune from production losses caused by parasite exposure and the subsequent development of infection. Internal parasites interfere with efficient production and, therefore, the strategic deworming of lactating dairy cows is designed to prevent production losses caused by these parasites. Whole-herd deworming in late fall or early winter is a good strategy to maintain a parasite-free herd throughout the winter months in northern climates; however, a separate strategy for spring and summer to control internal parasites is required. During this period, individual animal treatment provides the very best control if production losses are to be prevented. Management may find, when feeding transitional groups in freestalls, deworming the cows via the feed (TMR) is cost-effective and laborsaving.
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SAFE-GUARD® (FENBENDAZOLE) - Guide To Internal Parasites Of Ruminants (263Kb)Health Impact and Characteristics of Internal Parasites
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SAFE-GUARD® (FENBENDAZOLE) - Quantity Recommendation Chart (47Kb)Chart containing pounds of Safe-Guard 1.96% and Safe-Guard .5% per number of calves and average calf weight.
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NEOGUARD™ - Neoguard™ Technical Bulletin 1 (51Kb)- Seven hundred fifty-seven cows from seven farms were used in the study.
- The herds used had no previous history of reproductive problems.
- Vaccinates received two injections of Neospora caninum vaccine 21 to 28 days apart.
- Controls received two injections of saline at the same interval.
- Cattle were pregnancy tested by palpation 60 to 90 days following the second vaccination.
- The Neospora caninum vaccine is safe for use in healthy, pregnant dairy cattle.
- Injection site reactions were insignificant or similar to those seen with other vaccines.
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NEOGUARD™ - Neoguard™ Technical Bulletin 2 (62Kb)- Thirty-eight pregnant heifers 18 to 24 months of age were used in the study.
Treatments were as follows:
1. Control – non-vaccinates and
2. NeoGuard™, Neospora caninum vaccine, 5 mL given subcutaneously, two injections, 21 days apart.
- All heifers used in the study tested serum-negative for Neospora caninum antibodies at the beginning of the study.
- NeoGuard™ was given on days 56 and 77 of gestation.
- All heifers were challenged with a Neospora caninum challenge preparation on day 95 of gestation.
- NeoGuard™ vaccinated heifers had an increase (Pd0.05) in sample to positive (S/P) ratios at the time of challenge and 28 days post-challenge when compared to control heifers indicating a marked immunological response to the vaccination.
- NeoGuard™ vaccinated heifers had fewer (P<0.05) abortions than control heifers.
- NeoGuard™ is efficacious and safe when used in healthy, pregnant heifers as an aid in reducing abortions in cattle exposed to a challenge of Neospora caninum.
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